Quantum computing
If you are using computer from past few years to till now ..you observed how fast the processing power is increased ...the number of transistors in chipset has increasing year by year .
..now it is reached to 7 nano meter ....in this article we try to find how Quantum computer replace our traditional computer...
And also we try to know
What is Quantum computer??
How Quantum computer's work??
What is the difference between normal computer and super computer??
Traditional computer are work on binary language (0's and 1's) so we called digital computer's ..when it comes to processor the billions of transistors work as a switch ..
through this complicated action we are processing the data ..year by year transistors size becoming smaller and smaller. Everything has limit right ..we cannot go beyond that limit... We reached that limit the size of transistor integrated on chip reduces to 7 nanometre ... there is only 35 atoms left between channel we cannot decrease the size of the channel .because of quantum tanneling...in transistor the electrons flow is controlled by the gate when we dealing with such small Quantom size.. we no more able to control the electrons ...so , electron create a tunnel through the gate and escape from the gate this process is called quantum tanneling.
follow above link is to know complete story about the Quantum tanneling ....
Intel co-founder Moore's told a prediction called Moore's law .. according to moore's law every two years the number of the transistor that implanted on silicon chip becomes double ..making chip set cost reduces to half ....
Because of quantum properties the transistor cannot work properly...what if we make a computer using Quantum properties... let's see..
In classical computer we store data in the form of BITS(binary Integers) we store the data either 0 or 1 ..were as quantum computer there are QBITS( quantum bits) in this Q BITS we can store 0 , 1 or 0 1 at a time...
Ervin laszlo he highly contributed to Quantum machanics he explained this quantum BiTS using example .....
Generally Ervin don't like cat's so he kept cat's in some 50% explosive box that means the box may explore or not ..there are 50 ,50 chance's ..the cat inside the box is in two State..
It may be die or not ..i know this example is silly...
We all know atom consists of electrons,protons,nutrons ..the electrons which rotate itself and revolve around the nucleus same as earth rotate around the sun ...
Electron have two directions to revolve itself.. right to left or left to right.. every electron have magnetic field according to that magnetic field we can say either upward or downward direction ..
When it comes to storing the data we want to create an artificial magnetic field ..if the magnetic field and electron are in same direction(up direction) then it is called spin up.. if it is down then it is called spin down ..it is very important to know when it is spinup or when it is spin down... this quantum computer concept is based on this two important factors and also in middle position of electron spin magnetic filed consists of both the states spin up and spin down.. here we dealing with electron ...not a football or basketball ....
We created 3 independent States ...same like 0's and 1's...if electron in spin up consider as '1' spin down consider as '0' ,wisevasa.. And also it coexit both 0 and 1 at middle position ...
we seen how data is stored in atom .....spin up ( 0) spin down (1),or exists both the state's..
There are two main fandamental principles to work quantum computer..they are ..
Superposition ..
Entanglement....
Superposition explain about the position of the electron either spin up or spin down coexits in both the states....
Entanglement ...
If there are two electrons in a system,if one electron spin calculated it is easy to calculate other electron which is opposite of first electon ..irrespective of place ,distance
Do you want to understand about entanglement check the link below...
let's see why quantum computer's faster then traditional computer's..
We all know smallest particle in matter is atom and here we dealing with sub atomic particles ...we cannot know the exact point of an electron... electron move like a wave around the nucleaus ..it is like probablistic cloud around the nucleaus...
To Store the data inside atom i.e to set spin up or spin down of an electron first we need to stabilize the atom ...
it is not easy task we need freeze the electron ..so we need to cool atom upto -273 degree's ..or 0 Kelvin ..in 0 Kelvin temperature there is no moment in atoms then we put data on electron ( spin up or spin down) but it is impossible to create such environment in laboratory...to know an atom oriented or disoriented using strong magnetic field on isolated atom ..isolated atom means without any minute distabence
If any minute distabence accoursto this isolated (ideal) atom the data will be collapsed ..
What is difference between Quantum computer and normal' computer ...
In normal computer we store data in bits ...
1 bit which store 0 or 1
2 bit which store 4 individual states ...
3 bit which store 8 individual states..
Where as in quantum computer it used to store more number of combination in Just 3 Qbits ... complexity reduces ,time reduces ...
To understand how qunatom computer fast ...
Put All the computers in the world a side and one quantum computer a side the quantum computer work very fast then all such computer's in the world...64 bit quantum computer can perform 1 billion calculations per second ...
After some years silicon based computer as been exhausted ..we have many alternatives like Quantum computer , photonic computer ...in photonic computer the data processing speed is equal to the speed of the light...
There is no computer's available in market ,these are all in experimental stage ..we expect this quantum computer in after 70 -100 years ..
Disadvantage
If quantum computer replace normal computer it able to unlock all encryption keys in the world in just 1 second ...so it is biggest threat to man kind ....
I hope you like this article thanku...
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